Groovy
Groovy is
an object-oriented scripting language that was
created by Apache for the Java
platform. It appeared first in 2003, however the first stable
release (Groovy 1.0) came out only in 2007. Since then, it has been used by
companies such as Netflix,
Linkedin, Airbus, and Mastercard.
Groovy
is dynamically compiled to Java bytecode, therefore
it seamlessly integrates with any Java library. If
you’ve already programmed in Java or any other language that uses the curly-bracket syntax you can learn Groovy relatively quickly.
As
Groovy is open-source, you
can find the source code
on Github, or you can contribute to the project yourself if you
want.
Although Groovy is usually praised because it increases developers’ productivity, access to the Grails Web Application Framework can
also be a good reason to give a closer look to it. Grails was initially called “Groovy on Rails” after “Ruby on Rails” but
later this name was dropped due to the request of RoR‘s
founder.
Grails
makes it possible to build web
applications with the Groovy language.
It has a bunch of cool features, such as integrated
ORM / NoSQL support, pluggability, powerful view technology,
and many others.
Rust
Rust finished first in “The
Most Loved” category of Stack Overflow’s 2016 Developer Survey, and it’s a
promising language indeed. Rust is a systems
programming language created by Mozilla. Rust is not
for creating applications for end-users but for hardware,
so it’s in the same bracket with languages like C or C++ (not with application programming
languages like JavaScript, Python, Perl, etc.)
Mozilla declares
Rust’s main goal as taking full
advantage of modern multi-core processors. Rust focuses on performance and memory safety.
It prevents segmentation faults and comes with
an easy-to-learn syntax. The list of its corporate users is impressive as
well, with names like Dropbox, Telenor Digital, Coursera, and SmartThings.
Rust is open-source,
so you can have a look at its source code on Github.
Elixir
Elixir is a functional
programming language with which you can build real-time distributed applications. Elixir was
created in 2011 by a core Ruby contributor with the aim of addressing Ruby’s
issues with writing concurrent code.
The explicit goal of the new language was to “improve the
performance of Rails applications running across multiple CPUs. Elixir
is a great choice for programming network
applications and high-availability
systems such as banking software, and for data processing. Elixir programs run on the Erlang Virtual Machine (BEAM) and compiled to Erlang bytecode. As a result, Elixir
developers have full access
to Erlang’s ecosystem, too.
If you
haven’t done functional
programming yet, getting started with Elixir probably won’t be
easy, but if you choose to do so it can give you a fresh new
view on programming. In a nutshell, functional programming is quite different
from object-oriented programming, as it doesn’t use objects and classes but programs are built with operations inside functions and modules.
Go
The Go programming language was released by Google in 2009, and since then
Google uses it internally in
many of its production systems. Go is a statically
typed, concurrent, compiled programming language that was
created with the aim of managing
programming issues that large organizations face with on a
day-to-day basis. Therefore similarly to Java and C++, Go is scalable to large systems.
According
to the results of the Go 2016 Survey, most developers are happy with Go. The most frequently mentioned
reasons were “simplicity,
ease of use, concurrency features, and performance”. Go reduces compile time in order to support
code-test-build loops, therefore it’s ideal for Test-Driven
Development (TDD).
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